Microsoft MN-500 User's Guide download pdf (Page 73)

Glossary 67

hub A device that has multiple ports and that serves as a connection

point for Ethernet cables on a network. When data arrives at the hub

from one computer, it is copied to the other ports to be transmitted

to other computers. Unlike the more “intelligent” switch and router,

the hub does not direct or control data flow.

infrastructure A wireless network in which devices connect to each other through

network an access point, or use a more sophisticated intermediary such as a

base station (gateway or router). Contrast with “ad hoc network.”

intranet A network within an organization, also called a private network, that

is available only to certain people, such as employees of a company.

Some intranets offer access to the Internet.

IP Acronym for “Internet Protocol.” The set of rules that describe how to

send data between computers over the Internet. More specifically,

this protocol governs the routing of data messages, which are

transmitted in smaller components called packets.

IP address Acronym for “Internet Protocol” address. An IP address is an

assigned number used to identify a computer that is connected to a

network or the Internet through the Transmission Control

Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). An IP address consists of four

numbers (each of which can be no greater than 255) separated by

periods, such as 172.31.1.1.

ISP Acronym for “Internet service provider.” A company that provides

access to the Internet.

Kbps Abbreviation of “kilobits per second.” A measure of data transfer

speed through a modem or on a network.

LAN Acronym for “local area network.” A group of computers and other

devices dispersed over a relatively limited area (for example, a

building) and connected by a communications link that enables any

device to interact with any other on the network.

MAC address Acronym for “media access control” address. Each network adapter

and other network hardware device is manufactured with its own

unique MAC address. Networking standards and technologies use

MAC addresses to pass information between network devices.

Mbps Abbreviation of “megabits per second.” A measure of data transfer

speed. Do not confuse with megabytes per second, or MBps.

NAT Acronym for “network address translation.” NAT is a base station

feature and software feature that allows all of the computers on a

network to access the Internet through one Internet Protocol (IP)

address, and helps ensure the computers’ security by hiding their

individual IP addresses.

network A group of computers and associated devices that are connected by

communications paths. Networks can interconnect with other

networks and contain sub-networks. A network can be permanent or

temporary, small or large, and connect with cables and/or wirelessly.

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Microsoft MN-500 User's Guide Page 73

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